RECOUNT TEXT



Recount text is a text that is used to retell the readers what happened in the past through a sequence of events.
Social Function : To retell past event for the purpose of informing or entertaining.

GENERIC STRUCTURE 
v  ORIENTATION
It’s about who was involved, what happened, where this event took place and when it happened.

v  EVENT (S)
It’s about what happened in chronological order.

v  RE-ORIENTATION
The conclusion of the experience.

SIGNIFICANT GRAMMAR FEATURES

ü  Focuses on individual participants.
ü  Use of material process.
ü  Circumstances of theme and places.
ü  Use of the past tense.
LANGUAGE FEATURES
Ø  Use of past tenses
(Ex: went, spent, played)
Ø  Use of time conjunctions
(Ex: and, but, after, then)
Ø  Use of adverbs of time in the past
(Ex: yesterday, last week, two days ago)
Ø  Use of personal pronoun
(Ex: I, we)
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NARRATIVE TEXT



Narrative text is story, mostly, narrative are imaginary stories but sometimes narratives can be factual too. Narrative text is to tell something in the past. Narrative includes fairy stories, fables, mystery, science, fictions any romance and horror.

Narrative have three elements, there are:
• Orientation is sets the scene and the participant
• Complication is crisis arias
• Resolution is include the crisis resolved for the better or worse.
Likes Recount text, Narrative text using verb II, too.


Characteristic of Narrative Text :
1. Entertain the reader
2. Structure of the text :
    > Orientation
    > Complication
    > Resolution
3.  Other generic structure :
    > Evaluation and coda
4.  Language features :
    > Nouns, adjective, time conjuction and conjuctions, adverb and adverbial phrases, action verbs, saying verbs.

Kind of Narrative Text :
-  Myth
-  Legend
-  Fable
-  Folklore

Example Narrative Text :
"Monkey and Crocodile"
One day a monkey wanted to cross a river. He saw a crocodile in the river, so he asked the crocodile to take him across the other side. The crocodile told the monkey to jump on its back. Then the crocodile swam down the river.
Now, the crocodile was very hungry, so when it was in the middle of the river, it stopped and said to the monkey, ”Monkey, my father is very sick. He must eat the heart of the monkey. Then he will be strong again.”
The monkey thought for a while. Then he told the crocodile to swim back to the river bank.
“What’s for?” asked the crocodile.
“Because I didn’t bring my heart with me,” said the monkey. “I left it under the tree, near some coconuts.”
So, the crocodile turned around and swam back to the bank of the river. As soon as they reached the river bank, the monkey jumped off the crocodile’s back and climbed up to the top of a tree.
“Where is your heart?” asked the crocodile.
“You are foolish,” the monkey said to the crocodile. “Now I am free and you have nothing.”
The monkey told the crocodile not to try to fool him again. The crocodile swam away, hungry.
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PROCEDURE TEXT



Procedure text is a text that designed to describe how something is achieved through a sequence of actions or steps. It explains how people perform different process in a sequence of steps. This text uses the simple present tense, often imperative sentences. It also usually uses the temporal conjunctions, such as first, second, then, next, finally, etc.

The generic structure of procedure text :
  • Goal :
The final purpose of doing the instructions.
  • Materials :
Ingredients, utensils, equipment to do the instructions.
  • Steps :
A set of instruction to achieve the final purpose.

Language features :
·         Use imperative. Example : cut, don’t mix, etc.
·         Use action verb. Example : turn, put, mix, etc.
·         Use connectivitas. Example : first, then, finally, next, etc.
·         Use adverbial phrases. Example : for five minutes, 2 centimeters from the top, etc.

Example of procedure text :

Goal :
“Marble game”
Materials :
  • One marble per shooter.
  • A hole in ground.
  • A line (distance) to start from.
Steps :
1. First you must dub (click marbles together).
2. Then check that the marbles are in good condition and are nearly worth the same value.
3. Next you must dig a hole in the ground and draw a line a fair distance away from the hole.
4. The first shooter carefully throws his or her marble towards the hole.
5. Then the second shooter tries to throw his or her marble closer to the hole than his or her opponent.
6. The shooter whose marble is closest to the hole tries to flick his or her marble into the hole. If successful, this player tries to flick his or her opponent’s marble into the hole. The shooter flicking the last marble into the hole wins and gets to keep both marbles.
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PAST TENSE


 

 

We use simple past tense to talk about  an action that happened in the past. We also use it to tell a story.
The time of signals that indicate such happenings are yesterday, this morning, just now, a few minutes ago, . . . ago (long, long time ago), and last . . .(last Monday, last week, etc).

Pattern:
~ Using be      : S + was/were + V1 + Complement
~ Using verbs : S + Vpast + Complement

The function of the simple past tense:
1.   To express that an action started and finished at the specific time in the past.
2.   To describe a habit which stopped in the past. To make it clear that we are talking about a habit, we often add expressions such as : always, often, usually, never, when, etc.
3.   To describe past fact6 or generalizations which are no longer true. Example: Grandpa didn’t like coffee before.

Kind of Past Tense:
~ Past Progressive Tense / Past Continous Tense.
~ Past Perfect Tense.
~ Past Perfect Progressive Tense.

Example of Simple Past Tense:
(+) The diligent boy studied last night.
(-) The diligent boy did not study last night.
(?) Did the diligent boy study last night.
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PRESENT TENSE



Present tense is simple form which used to express situation going into effect.
Present tense adalah bentuk (kalimat) sederhana yang digunakan untuk situasi yang berlaku (sekarang).

Simple present tense is used for :
  • Express habit, general truths, repeated actions or unchanging situation, emotions and whised.
  • Give instruction or direction.
  • To express arrangement.
Dalam menggunakan Present tense kita juga harus menggunakan rumus
PATTERNS (Using verbs)
(+)  SUBJECT + VERB1 + COMPLEMENT/OBJECT.
(-)   SUBJECT + DO/DOES + NOT + VERB1 + COMPLEMENT/OBJECT.
(?)   DO/DOES + SUBJECT + VERB1 + COMPLEMENT 

PATTERNS (using be)
(+)   SUBJECT + TO BE (IS, AM, ARE) + COMPLEMENT.
(-)    SUBJECT + TO BE (IS, AM, ARE) + NOT + COMPLEMENT.
(?)    TO BE (IS, AM, ARE) + SUBJECT + COMPLEMENT.


Example:
(+) 1. Idrink coffee
      2. She drinks coffe   
(-)  1. I do not drink coffee.
       2. She does not drink coffee
(?)  1. Do you drink cofee?
1.                   2. DOES She drink coffee?
2.        
Untuk I, WE, YOU, THEY tambah DO
Untuk SHE, HE, IT, Iqbal, Udin tambah DOES
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GREETINGS



Greetings is a way for human beings to intentionally communicate awareness of each other’s presence, to show attention to, and/or to affirm or suggest a type of relationship or social status between individuals or groups of people coming in contact with each other.
As many forms of communication, greetings habits are highly culture and situation. Specific and many changes within a culture dispending on social status and relationship : the [phenomenon] as such exists in all known human cultures though.
Greetings can be expressed both avdibly and physically, and often involve a combination of the two. This topic excludes military and ceremonial salutes but includes rituals other then gestures.
Example:
How do you greet other people?
~ Good Morning / Afternoon / Evening / Night / nite.
~ Hi / Hello, Aiiu!
~ How everything with you?
~ How are you / How life / How are you getting along?
~ Fine thanks!
~ Pretty goods thanks!
~ I’m well, thanks.
~ Not bad, thanks. And you?
How do introduce yourself?
~ Let me introduce myself. My name is Ayu Maulida.
~ Hello, my name is Ayou!
~ Hi, I’m Aiiu!
How do you introduce other people?
~ I would like to introduce KiQy!
~ I would like you to meet agree.
~ Excuse me, let me introduce my new friend. Her name is KiQy.
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VOCABS : SHAPES, PARTS OF BODY



A person's vocabulary is the set of words they are familiar with in a language. A vocabulary usually grows and evolves with age, and serves as a useful and fundamental tool for communication and acquiring knowledge.

 
 
 
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